MDC2 Study guide
\nREAD ALL THE QUESTIONS AND ANSWER CHOICES<\/p>\n
The nurse is caring for a client that presented with an asthma attack. The client was working out and forgot to take an inhaler. The respiratory rate is 24 breaths per minute. The pulse oximeter is 85% on room air. The arterial blood gas (ABG) is as follows: pH:7.33, PaCO2: 50 mm Hg, paO2: 70 mm Hg, HCO3: 26 mEq\/L. What acid-base deficit is the client experiencing?
\nE.\tRespiratory acidosis with partial metabolic compensation
\nF.\tRespiratory acidosis with full metabolic compensation
\nG.\tMetabolic acidosis with full respiratory compensation
\nH.\tMetabolic alkalosis without compensation<\/p>\n
A nurse is educating a Type 1 diabetic with metabolic acidosis. Which of the following statements indicates the teaching has been effective on the cause of metabolic acidosis?
\na.\tmetabolic acidosis can occur due to diabetic ketoacidosis
\nb.\tmetabolic acidosis can occur due to excessive vomiting
\nc.\tmetabolic acidosis can occur due to excessive urination
\nd.\tmetabolic acidosis can occur due to overhydration<\/p>\n
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with acute confusion and weakness. The client admitted to ingesting a large amount of aspirins. Vital signs reveal blood pressure 102\/70 mm Hg. Heart rate 120 beats\/minute and deep respirations at 42 breaths\/minute. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results reveal pH. 7.2 paco2 35 mm hg, paO2 90MM HG, and HCO3 18 meq\/L. how does the nurse interpret these results? A person who came to the hospital with acute confusion and weakness is being cared for by a nurse. The client said that he had taken a lot of aspirin. Blood pressure is 102\/70 mm Hg, based on the vital signs. 120 beats per minute on the heart rate, and 42 deep breaths per minute. Arterial blood gas (ABG) results show a pH of 7.2, a CO2 level of 35 mm Hg, an O2 level of 90 mm Hg, and a CO3 level of 18 meq\/L. how does the nurse figure out what these numbers mean?
\na.\tMetabolic acidosis without compensation
\nb.\tRespiratory acidosis without compensation
\nc.\tMetabolic alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation
\nd.\tMetabolic acidosis with full respiratory compensation<\/p>\n
The nurse is caring for a client who recently ingested a large amount of antacids. Which of the following conditions is this client at risk for?
\na.\tMetabolic acidosis
\nb.\tMetabolic alkalosis
\nc.\tRespiratory alkalosis
\nd.\tRespiratory acidosis<\/p>\n
34.\tWhen assessing arterial blood gas (ABG) results, what is the first step that the nurse should take for interpretation?
\nA.\tCheck for compensation
\nB.\tNotify the healthcare provider
\nC.\tDetermine the primary cause
\nD.\tDetermine oxygenation<\/p>\n
What condition(s) does the nurse anticipate in a client with metabolic acidosis? ( select all thatapply)
\nA.\tDiabetic ketoacidosis
\nB.\tseizure activity
\nC.\tstarvation
\nD.\tkidney failure
\nE.\tAirway obstruction<\/p>\n
The nurse is caring for a client who is status post an upper endoscopic procedure. Which assessment finding would the nurse anticipate for the client to resume their diet?
\na.\tNegative stool culture
\nb.\tNormal temperature
\nc.\tEffective swallowing
\nd.\tBowel movement<\/p>\n
A nurse is caring for a type one diabetic client with metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
\nA.\tTachycardia
\nB.\tKussmaul respirations
\nC.\tBradycardia
\nD.\tdecreased reflexes<\/p>\n
While discharging a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which of these should the nurse include in the education? (select all that apply)
\nA.\tResume diet as preferred
\nB.\tAvoid alcohol consumption
\nC.\tAdhere to prescribed medications
\nD.\tWhen to notify the healthcare provider
\nE.\tEncourage non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain<\/p>\n
A client has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results. How would the nurse interpret these results?
\npH 7.42
\nPaCO2 55 mm Hg
\nHCO3 32 mEq\/L
\nA.\tMetabolic alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation
\nB.\tMetabolic alkalosis with full respiratory compensation
\nC.\tRespiratory alkalosis with full metabolic compensation
\nD.\tRespiratory alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation<\/p>\n
The nurse is caring for a client that presented with an asthma attack. The client was workingout and forgot to take an inhaler. The respiratory rate is 38 breaths per minute. The pulse oximeter is 85% on room air. The arterial blood gas (ABG) is as follows: pH:7.35, PaCO2: 50 mm Hg, paO2: 70 mm Hg, HCO3: 32 mEq\/L. What acid-base deficit is the client experiencing?
\nA.\tRespiratory acidosis with partial metabolic compensation
\nB.\tRespiratory acidosis with full metabolic compensation
\nC.\tMetabolic acidosis with full respiratory compensation
\nD.\tMetabolic alkalosis without compensation<\/p>\n
The nurse is caring for an 80-year-old client diagnosed with gastric cancer three months ago.The client has undergone chemotherapy and radiation and recently had surgery to remove the cancer. During the surgical procedure, the surgeon discovered that the cancer had spread to other organs. The client\u2019s family is having difficulty deciding treatment options. Which of the following interventions are appropriate for the RN in providing the client\u2019s care?
\nA.\tSchedule client for additional chemotherapy
\nB.\tSchedule client for additional radiation therapy
\nC.\tRequest a consult for palliative care services
\nD.\tDischarge client to hospice<\/p>\n
4.\tWhich of the following conditions would result in respiratory acidosis?
\nA.\tDiabetic ketoacidosis
\nB.\tHypoglycemia
\nC.\tChronic obstructive pulmonary disease
\nD.\tSalicylate toxicity<\/p>\n
5.\tA nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client recently diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following should not be part of the discharge instructions?
\nA.\tAvoid spicy foods
\nB.\tResume alcohol in moderation
\nC.\tFollow medications as prescribed
\nD.\tSigns and symptoms to report<\/p>\n
8.\tWhat is the nurse\u2019s priority to include when educating a client with esophageal cancer about their plan of care?
\nA.\t\u201cOne of the most important things we need to monitor for is weight loss. Please weigh yourself daily.\u201d
\nB.\t\u201cEsophageal dilation is only used once during the course of your treatment when your side effects are too severe to tolerate.\u201d
\nC.\t\u201cIf you get tired in the afternoon, it\u2019s good idea to take a nap after lunch to reenergize.\u201d
\nD.\t\u201cHospice care might be needed towards the end, but you can still have chemotherapy at the same time.\u201d<\/p>\n
9.\tThe following arterial blood gas reflects which of the following acid-base imbalance?
\npH 7.38
\nPaCO2 40 mm Hg paO2 94 mm Hg
\nHCO3 26mEq\/L
\nA.\tRespiratory acidosis fully compensated
\nB.\tMetabolic acidosis partially compensated
\nC.\tNormal arterial blood gas
\nD.\tRespiratory alkalosis<\/p>\n
12\tA nurse is caring for a client who identities as Native American and is being treated for metabolic alkalosis. Before discharge, which of the following will address the multidimensional needs of the client? (Select all that apply.)
\nA.\tProvide emotional support
\nB.\tProvide education
\nC.\tConduct a cultural assessment
\nD.\tConsult the dietician
\nE.\tEnsure the client is on strict bed rest<\/p>\n
16.\tA nurse is caring for a client admitted with a fever, cough, and body aches with a positive influenza A screening. The client states the sickness started last week but could not afford to miss work with a new job and no health insurance. The client expresses financial concern with the hospital stay. Which of the following intervention would the nurse implement to support the care of the client? (select all that apply.)
\nA.\tConsult social worker
\nB.\tNotify the client\u2019s employer
\nC.\tNotify the dietician
\nD.\tConsult client financial services
\nE.\tNurse requests psychiatric consult<\/p>\n
17.\tA client has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results. How would the nurse interpret these results? pH 7.36
\nPaCO2 58 mm Hg
\nHCO3 30mEq\/L
\nA.\tMetabolic acidosis with full respiratory compensation
\nB.\tMetabolic alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation
\nC.\tRespiratory acidosis with full metabolic compensation
\nD.\tRespiratory acidosis with partial metabolic compensation<\/p>\n
3.\tWhich of the following signs and symptoms should the investigate first when assessing aclient diagnosed with respiratory acidosis?
\nA.\tWarm flushed skin
\nB.\tSkeletal muscle weakness
\nC.\tConfusion
\nD.\tRespiratory rate of 8 breaths\/minutes<\/p>\n
4.\tThe nurse is caring for a 45-year-old client with asthma. The client presented to theemergency department with shortness of breath and arterial blood gas (ABG) result of pH:7.28, PaCO2: 50 mm Hg, PO2; 84 mm Hg, and HCO3: 26 mEq\/L. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the client\u2019s ABG?
\nA.\tMetabolic acidosis
\nB.\tRespiratory alkalosis
\nC.\tRespiratory acidosis
\nD.\tMetabolic alkalosis<\/p>\n
5.\tThe nurse provides discharge instructions to a client recently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. The client also has a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following should be included in the client and family education?
\nA.\tRemain in an upright position once to two hours after eating
\nB.\tTake antacids before eating
\nC.\tDrink a carbonated beverage before meals
\nD.\tSleep with the head of the bed flat<\/p>\n
6.\tA nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who was recently diagnosed withgastritis. Which of the following should be included in the texting?
\nA.\tLimit exercise
\nB.\tEat three large meals each day
\nC.\tstress reduction
\nD.\tTake nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as prescribed<\/p>\n
7.\tWhich of the following laboratory tests does the nurse need to assess to determine if the client\u2019s acid-base imbalance is respiratory or metabolic?
\nA.\tComplete blood count
\nB.\tLiver function test
\nC.\tArterial blood gas
\nD.\tComplete metabolic panel<\/p>\n
4.\tA nurse is caring for a client with metabolic acidosis from pancreatitis. The nurse anticipates implementing, which of the following?
\nA.\tAdminister insulin
\nB.\tAdminister sodium bicarbonate
\nC.\tAdminister antiemetics
\nD.\tAdminister mucolytic<\/p>\n
28.\tThe nurse is caring for a client who is concerned about developing oral tumors. Which client statement requires immediate nursing intervention?
\nA.\t\u201cI used to chew tobacco but quit five years ago\u201d
\nB.\t\u201cI use sunscreen to cover my face and body when i\u2019m at the beach.\u201d
\nC.\t\u201cI don\u2019t have dental insurance, so i can\u2019t get dental check ups.\u201d
\nD.\t\u201cI only drink alcohol on special occasions like my birthday and anniversary.\u201d<\/p>\n
31.\tWhich of the following electrolyte imbalances would be the priority to address in a client with end-stage renal failure?
\nA.\tHyperkalemia
\nB.\tHyponatremia
\nC.\tHypercalcemia
\nD.\tHypermagnesemia<\/p>\n
5.\tWhen assessing arterial blood gas (ABG) results, what is the first step that the nurse should take bowelfor interpretation?
\nA.\tCheck for compensation
\nB.\tLabel the pH
\nC.\tDetermine
\nD.\te primary cause
\nE.\tDetermine oxygenation<\/p>\n
6.\tA 42-year-old client was recently diagnosed with gastric cancer. The nurse has a wife and three small children. The client and the wife are having a difficult time dealing with the recent diagnosis. Which of the following nursing intervention is appropriate for this client?
\nA.\tEducate on treatment options
\nB.\tConsult the dietician regarding nutritional needs
\nC.\tMonitor lab values for abnormalities
\nD.\tConsult social services to provide support to the client and family
\n7.\tA nurse is caring for a 56-year-old client who presented to the emergency department with a feeling of fullness in the chest, dysphagia, and chest pain. The client states these symptoms for the past couple of months. Which of the following conditions could the client be exhibiting based on the symptoms?
\nA.\tPeptic ulcer disease
\nB.\tGastritis
\nC.\tHiatal hernia
\nD.\tUvulitis
\n2.\tA nurse is caring for a 56-year-old client who presented to the emergency department with a feeling of abdominal fullness and dysphagia. The client states reports a recent bloody emesis and long term ibuprofen use. Which of the following conditions could the client be exhibiting based on the symptoms?
\nA.\tPeptic ulcer disease
\nB.\tGastritis
\nC.\tHiatal hernia
\nD.\tUvulitis<\/p>\n
8.\tThe client\u2019s arterial blood gas (ABG) results show an increase in pH greater than 7.45. Which conditions is most likely to contribute to this laboratory value?
\nA.\tRenal failure
\nB.\tKetosis
\nC.\tHyperventilation
\nD.\tDiarrhea
\n9.\tWhat condition(s) does the nurse anticipate in a client with aspirin toxicity? ( select all thatapply)
\nA.\tRespiratory acidosis
\nB.\tMetabolic alkalosis
\nC.\tRespiratory alkalosis
\nD.\tMetabolic acidosis
\nE.\tNo acid-base imbalance
\n10.\tA nurse is caring for a client who is status post an upper endoscopic procedure. Which ofthe following should be included as a priority in the post-procedure assessment?
\nA.\tFecal occult test
\nB.\tGag reflex
\nC.\tTemperature
\nD.\tBowel sounds
\n11.\tA client has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results. How does the nurse interpretthese results?
\npH 7.50
\nPaCO2 30 mm Hg
\nHCO3 20mEq\/L
\nA.\tMetabolic acidosis with partial respiratory compensation
\nB.\tRespiratory alkalosis with partial metabolic compensation
\nC.\tRespiratory alkalosis with partial full metabolic compensation
\nD.\tMetabolic alkalosis with partial respiratory compensation
\n12.\tA nurse is caring for a type one diabetic client with metabolic acidosis. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
\nA.\tHypertension
\nB.\tKussmaul respirations
\nC.\tHypoventilation
\nD.\tHyperreflexia<\/p>\n
43.\tWhich of the following clients are at risk for developing stomatitis?
\nA.\tA 48-year-old client diagnosed with osteoarthritis
\nB.\tA 70-year-old client diagnosed with obesity
\nC.\tA 55-year-old client with colon cancer
\nD.\tA 50-year-old client diagnosed with heart failure<\/p>\n
44.\tThe nurse is caring for a 50-year-old client admitted to the emergency department for a suspected upper gastrointestinal bleed. Which of the following clinical findings would support this diagnosed? (select all that apply)
\nA.\tBright red or coffee-ground vomitus
\nB.\tVertigo or dizziness
\nC.\tIncreased blood pressure
\nD.\tWeak peripheral pulses
\nE.\tDecreased hemoglobin and hematocrit values<\/p>\n
46.\tThe nurse is caring for a client who recently underwent a colon resection. The client issecond-day post-op with a nasogastric tube to low intermittent wall suction. Which of the following conditions is this client at risk for?
\nA.\tMetabolic acidosis
\nB.\tMetabolic alkalosis
\nC.\tRespiratory alkalosis
\nD.\tRespiratory acidosis<\/p>\n
13.\tWhich of the following is a standard diagnostic study for clients with upper gastrointestinaldisorders?
\nA.\tArterial blood gas
\nB.\tLiver function test
\nC.\tBarium enema
\nD.\tEsophagogastroduodenoscopy<\/p>\n
14.\tWhen caring for a client suffering from metabolic acidosis, which of the following would thenurse anticipate as a treatment option?
\nA.\tAmmonium chloride
\nB.\tAcetazolamide
\nC.\tSodium bicarbonate
\nD.\tPotassium<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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