2 Metrics
\nBackground
\nIn the United States our measurements are usually based on the imperial system from Great Britain. This British system of measurements which includes units such as feet, pounds and gallons has deep historical roots. For example, the foot is thought to be the length of the foot of King Henry I of England in the 12th century whereas the pound is based on the Roman word libra (lb) which is the equivalent to the weight of 7,000 grains. Scientists, however, decided to adopt a different measurement system because of its tremendous advantages. The metric system (see table 1), the most commonly used standardized system worldwide, not only covers a large scale and its measurements are also in consistent units of 10 (see table 2) which makes calculations simpler.
\nSince many people in the United States are used to the imperial system, we must become familiar with the metric system. Often we need to convert between the two systems. Below are some helpful conversions.
\nConversions Between Imperial and Metric Systems
\n1 kg = 2.2 pounds
\n1 km = 0.62 miles
\n1 m = 39.37 inches
\n1 inch = 2.54 cm
\n1 l = 1.06 quarts
\nThe following activity will help you review the scientific method as well as work with the metric system. To learn more about the history of how the metric system was implemented, you can watch this video:<\/p>\n
Title: __________________________________________________________________________
\n(Note: At the end of the experiment, you will create a title.)
\nBackground
\nObservation and question: People have observed that a person with a longer upper or lower limb tends to be taller. We then asked the question: \u201cIs the length of a person’s upper limb directly proportional to his\/her height?\u201d Two measurements (variables) are directly proportional if, for example, as one amount increases, the other amount increases at the same rate. The upper limb spans from the armpit to the end of the fingertip.
\nHypothesis and prediction: If the length of a person’s upper limb is directly proportional to height, then the ratio of upper limb length to height for all subjects must be constant, i.e., the same.
\nPurpose
\n\u2022\tUse the metric system
\n\u2022\tReview steps of the scientific method
\nMaterials
\nMeasuring tape\/tool or meter stick or measuring app on phone: Ruler for Android (Links to an external site.), Measure App on Apple or piece of paper (8.5 x 11) to use as a measuring device
\n3-4 human subjects
\n1 calculator
\nProcedure
\n1.\tPick 3-4 subjects from group members.
\n2.\tEach subject puts right arm straight out (parallel to the ground).
\n3.\tUsing the meter stick or measuring tape\/tool, measure upper limb length (from arm pit to the end of the finger tip) of subject 1 in cm.
\n4.\tRecord measurement in Table 1 below.
\n5.\tIf subject 1 does not know height, then measure height in inches and cm.
\n6.\tPractice converting height in inches to cm. Show work below.
\n7.\tRecord height of subject 1 in cm in Table 1 below.
\n8.\tCalculate ratio of upper limb to height of subject 1 and record in Table 1.
\n9.\tRepeat measurements and calculations for all subjects and record in Table 1.<\/p>\n
Results:<\/p>\n
Table 1. Comparison of Limb Length to Height in Group Subjects<\/p>\n
Subject
\nMeasured Upper Limb Length (cm)
\nHeight* (cm)
\nRatio of Upper Limb Length to Height = Upper Limb Length (cm)\/Height (cm)<\/p>\n
1.
\n2.
\n3.
\n4.<\/p>\n
* 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
\nSubject 1, 2, 3 and 4 had a ratio of upper limb length to height of
\n_____, _____ , _____ and ____ respectively.
\nAverage of group subjects’ ratio of upper limb length to height was __________.
\nAverage of all class subjects\u2019 ratio of upper limb length to height was _________.<\/p>\n
Discussion\/Conclusion (~1 sentence each):
\n1.\tDo your results support or reject the original hypothesis? Explain your answer.
\n2.\tBased on an analysis of your data and the class data, what conclusions can you make?
\n3.\tDescribe one future experiment you would like to do to extend or make these findings more reliable.<\/p>\n
Metric System Practice Problems (Optional)
\nNote: For metric system, know how to convert within the metric system (ie. meters to mm, mg to grams). Also, know how to convert between the metric and imperial system.
\n1.\tA pen is approximately 12 (\u00b5m mm cm m). Circle one.
\n2.\tA chair is approximately 2 (nm cm m km) high. Circle one.
\n3.\tConvert the value on the left into the unit indicated on the right of the equation below. Show work.
\na.\t2,346 m = ____ km
\nb.\t5 ft, 9 in = _____ cm (1 inch = 2.54 cm)
\nc.\t6 km = _____ miles (1 km = 0.62 miles)
\nd.\t208 mL = ____ L
\ne.\t2.67 kg = _____ g
\nf.\t80 nm = ______ m
\n4.\tJoe weighs 152 pounds. What is his weight in kg? Show work. (1 kg = 2.2 pounds)
\n5.\tMary\u2019s height is 175 cm. Mark\u2019s height is 5 ft 6 in. Who is taller?
\nExplain and show work. (1 inch = 2.54 cm)
\n(Hint: convert Mary\u2019s height into inches, OR convert Mark\u2019s height into cm)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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