ANSC20002 Assignment 2022
\nDue date: Fri 23\/9\/2022
\nSubmission via LMS.
\n500 words max (excluding references, figures and tables).
\nPlease answer ONE of the following questions (short answer style, not essay). As there is a low word
\nlimit the use of dot points is encouraged. Tables and figures must be appropriately introduced,
\nreferenced and have appropriate titles if used. The assignment must be appropriately referenced
\n(minimum 2 references) using primary sources where possible (citing lecture materials is not
\nappropriate, textbooks are acceptable) as required. Please use the Harvard or APA style for
\nreference list formatting.
\nMarks are allocated per sub-question as shown. A total of 50 marks are available, and 5 marks are
\nallocated to referencing and formatting per question.
\n1. It is well established that responses in milk production to incremental increases in energy intake
\nabove maintenance are not constant and there is a curve of diminishing returns. This is
\nillustrated by the curve shown in the below diagram (Figure 1).
\na. When ME intake is below maintenance requirements, what is occurring in relation to
\nbody tissues and milk production? (5 marks)
\nb. Metabolic bodyweight and metabolic rate determine energy requirements. Discuss and
\ncompare each of these components and briefly describe: what impacts them (think
\nphysiology), assumptions these calculations make and how these values will change as
\nanimal increase in size (20 marks)
\nc. When ME intake is in excess of maintenance requirements incremental increases in
\nconsumed energy do not result in continued increases in milk production (i.e. there is a
\nmaximum production level reached). List 3 factors (physiological or metabolic) that
\ncontribute to this phenomenon. (20 marks)
\nFigure 1. Relationship between net energy consumed above maintenance and energy secreted in
\nmilk.
\n2. Digestive tracts are specialised to suit the food\/feed selection and dietary strategies of the
\nanimal and the animals\u2019 ability to obtain nutrients from this diet.
\na. Why is the giant panda referred to as a \u2018vegetarian carnivore\u2019? (10 marks)
\nb. Describe one other specialist feeder species (can be from anywhere in the world, both
\nterrestrial and aquatic) and briefly describe the key physiology and metabolism that
\nallows the animal to obtain nutrients from this diet. (10 marks)
\nc. You are a \u2019mad scientist\u2019 that has found a way to breed an entirely new species of animal
\nfrom scratch. Describe the basics of a digestive system (including teeth, tract type such
\nas key stomach structure, other accessory organs where relevant, and any metabolic
\nadjustments) for a new species that you have designed that feeds upon one of the
\nfollowing foods (select one only): (25 marks)
\ni. Meat from seals or other aquatic mammals
\nii. Grape plants (including fruit, leaves and stems)
\niii. Sugarcane
\niv. Insects
\nv. Another food\/feed of your choice (be creative \/ strange!)
\n*note \u2013 there is no \u2018correct\u2019 answer to part c, be creative but use your knowledge (and
\nsome more research) on digestive physiology to make these decisions. Use dot points to
\njustify the choices you have made.
\n3. Digestive physiology is determined by the food\/feed selection and dietary strategies of the
\nanimal and the animals\u2019 ability to obtain nutrients from this diet. For a species of your choice
\n(please name them) describe:
\na. The type of digestive tract, briefly describing the key organs and physiological structures
\n(15 marks)
\nb. Describe the types of feed ingested and discuss how the digestive system has evolved to
\nefficiently obtain nutrients from the available feeds (10 marks)
\nc. If it is a production animal, describe the influences of production systems on the animal.
\nI.e. how is the animal fed? (10 marks)
\nd. Describe any limitations to the digestive system (for example can only digest a specific
\nfeed type, limited volume, inefficiency etc.) (10 marks)
\n4. Diet selection and feed choices are important in all animals
\na. What are associative effects of feeds? (10 marks)
\nb. Define \u2018post-ingestive feedback\u2019 giving an example. (15 marks)
\nc. While we make assumptions about feed selection based on the digestive system of
\nthe animal, species differences within animal types also influence diet selection.
\nCompare a grazing small ruminant animal (e.g. sheep) with a large ruminant (e.g.
\ncow) and comment on key differences each species would make in terms of diet
\npreferences and the physiology\/anatomy underpinning such choices. (20 marks)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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