BIOS255 Week 3 Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels<\/p>\n
Learning objectives:
\n\u2022\tIdentify the structural layers of arteries and veins.
\n\u2022\tDistinguish between the structure of arteries and veins.
\n\u2022\tExplain the factors that affect arterial blood flow and blood pressure.
\n\u2022\tDefine shock, and identify the signs of shock.
\n\u2022\tIdentify key blood vessels of the cardiac, systemic, and pulmonary circulations.<\/p>\n
Introduction:<\/p>\n
Blood is transported around the body in 3 different types of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries and veins are each composed of 3 distinct layers of tissue while capillaries only have one layer. Blood pressure and flow depend on multiple factors. There are a number of mechanisms by which shock can occur.
\nWe will track blood through the pulmonary and systemic circulations noting the major arteries and veins along the path. Enjoy the interactive 3D models for exploring the blood vessels!<\/p>\n
Assignment:<\/p>\n
Part 1 Complete the activities in the following sections of Anatomy.TV Cardiovascular system: Blood vessels, Blood flow and Pressure, Circulatory Pathways, Vessels of the Trunk, Vessels of the Head and Neck, Vessels of the Limbs<\/p>\n
To access Anatomy.TV: Resources tab>Library>Library Resources-Database A-Z>Anatomy.TV>Titles(default tab): Choose Cardiovascular system>choose assigned sections<\/p>\n
You will then work through the material and activities by scrolling down on the right. This will allow you to see and work through all activities for that section.
\nAs you complete the lab activities, have the lab report ready to record data.<\/p>\n
Part 2 Complete the lab report.<\/p>\n
Blood vessel Lab report<\/p>\n
1.\tDescribe the different types of blood vessels by completing the following chart: (3 points total; 1\/4 point per box)<\/p>\n
Blood vessel\tHistological description\/special characteristics\tFunction
\nLarge arteries<\/p>\n
Medium arteries<\/p>\n
Arterioles<\/p>\n
Capillaries<\/p>\n
Medium veins<\/p>\n
Large veins<\/p>\n
2.\tWhen a fall in arterial pressure is detected by baroreceptors, how does the cardiovascular center alter the parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial (SA) node to maintain homeostasis? (1 point)<\/p>\n
3.\tDescribe the signs and symptoms of shock as described under Blood Flow and Pressure: Shock and Homeostasis. (1 point)<\/p>\n
4.\tIdentify the missing arteries from the schematic. (2.5 points; 1\/2 point each)<\/p>\n
5.\tIdentify the missing arteries from the schematic: (3 points total; \u00bc point each)<\/p>\n
6.\tTrace a drop of blood from the heart to the top of the foot by naming the blood vessels from the aorta to the artery that can be felt on the top of the foot (dorsalis pedis artery).
\n(2 points)<\/p>\n
7.\tTrace a drop of blood from the superior mesenteric vein within the abdomen to the right atrium. Include the major vessels along the path. (1.5 points)<\/p>\n
8.\ta. What is a portal system? (\u00bd point)<\/p>\n
b. What is the function of the hepatic portal system? (\u00bd point)<\/p>\n
Grading Rubric for Lab Report
\nActivity \tDeliverable \tPoints
\nPart 1\tComplete lab activities\t15
\nPart 2\tComplete lab report \t15
\nTotal \tComplete all lab activities \t30<\/p>\n
__________________–
\nBIOS255 Week 3 Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels lab report.<\/p>\n
Blood vessel Lab report<\/p>\n
1. Describe the different types of blood vessels by completing the following chart:<\/p>\n
Blood vessel\tHistological description\/special characteristics\tFunction
\nLarge arteries\tThick, muscular walls that can withstand high blood pressure\tCarry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
\nMedium arteries\tThicker walls than capillaries, but thinner than large arteries\tCarry oxygen-rich blood from the large arteries to the arterioles
\nArterioles\tVery small, muscular arteries that control the flow of blood into capillaries\tRegulate the flow of blood to the capillaries
\nCapillaries\tSingle-layered, thin-walled vessels that allow for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues\tAllow for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues
\nMedium veins\tThin walls that allow for the expansion and contraction of the veins\tReturn deoxygenated blood from the capillaries to the heart
\nLarge veins\tThin, muscular walls that help to return deoxygenated blood to the heart\tReturn deoxygenated blood to the heart
\n2. When a fall in arterial pressure is detected by baroreceptors, how does the cardiovascular center alter the parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial (SA) node to maintain homeostasis?<\/p>\n
When a fall in arterial pressure is detected by baroreceptors, the cardiovascular center in the medulla oblongata of the brain increases sympathetic stimulation of the heart and decreases parasympathetic stimulation of the heart. This increases the heart rate and force of contraction, which increases cardiac output and helps to restore arterial pressure to normal.<\/p>\n
3. Describe the signs and symptoms of shock as described under Blood Flow and Pressure: Shock and Homeostasis.<\/p>\n
The signs and symptoms of shock include:<\/p>\n
Rapid, shallow breathing
\nCool, clammy skin
\nLow blood pressure
\nRapid heart rate
\nConfusion
\nRestlessness
\nDizziness
\nFainting
\n4. Identify the missing arteries from the schematic:<\/p>\n
schematic of the arteries of the bodyOpens in a new windowResearchGate
\nschematic of the arteries of the body
\nThe missing arteries are:<\/p>\n
The right common carotid artery
\nThe right subclavian artery
\nThe left common carotid artery
\nThe left subclavian artery
\n5. Identify the missing arteries from the schematic:<\/p>\n
schematic of the veins of the bodyOpens in a new windowagefotostock
\nschematic of the veins of the body
\nThe missing veins are:<\/p>\n
The superior vena cava
\nThe inferior vena cava
\nThe portal vein
\nThe hepatic vein
\nThe renal vein
\nThe femoral vein
\nThe popliteal vein
\nThe dorsalis pedis vein
\n6. Trace a drop of blood from the heart to the top of the foot by naming the blood vessels from the aorta to the artery that can be felt on the top of the foot (dorsalis pedis artery).<\/p>\n
The path of a drop of blood from the heart to the top of the foot is:<\/p>\n
Aorta
\nBrachiocephalic artery
\nRight common carotid artery
\nRight subclavian artery
\nAxillary artery
\nBrachial artery
\nRadial artery
\nUlnar artery
\nDorsalis pedis artery
\n7. Trace a drop of blood from the superior mesenteric vein within the abdomen to the right atrium. Include the major vessels along the path.<\/p>\n
The path of a drop of blood from the superior mesenteric vein within the abdomen to the right atrium is:<\/p>\n
Superior mesenteric vein
\nInferior vena cava
\nRight atrium
\n8. a. What is a portal system?<\/p>\n
A portal system is a system of veins that carries blood from one organ to another organ without first returning to the heart.<\/p>\n
b. What is the function of the hepatic portal system?<\/p>\n
The hepatic portal system carries blood from the digestive tract to the liver. The liver then removes nutrients, toxins, and other substances from the blood before it returns to the heart.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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