LAB ASSIGNMENT \u2013 FLUID, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID-BASE BALANCE<\/p>\n
Assignment Directions<\/p>\n
The assignment will cover the following information<\/p>\n
1.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance<\/p>\n
Read the following case and answer the questions that follow<\/p>\n
Total points (100) \u2013 20 points each<\/p>\n
THE CAR ACCIDENT: A CASE STUDY IN ACID-BASE BALANCE<\/p>\n
Mr. Henderson, a 52-year-old male, was on his way to work during a heavy rainstorm when he lost control of his car and<\/p>\n
crossed into oncoming traffic where he collided head-on with a small delivery truck.\u00a0 Witnesses accessed the 911 emergency<\/p>\n
medical response system, and paramedics arrived quickly.\u00a0 The driver of the truck suffered only minor cuts and scrapes,<\/p>\n
but Mr. Henderson was having difficulty breathing and complaining of severe chest pain.\u00a0 Transport time to the nearest<\/p>\n
trauma center was less than two minutes, so the emergency personnel elected to \u201cscoop and haul.\u201d\u00a0 A large bruise on his<\/p>\n
chest indicated that Mr. Henderson had experienced blunt trauma from the impact of the steering wheel after the airbag<\/p>\n
failed to deploy.
\nMr. Henderson presented in the ER with blurred vision, dizziness, headache, nausea, muscle weakness, hypoventilation, and<\/p>\n
a feeling of mental confusion.\u00a0 A chest X ray revealed bilateral fractures in the fourth, fifth, and six ribs along with a<\/p>\n
suspected hemothorax.\u00a0 An ECG revealed signs of ventricular arrhythmias.\u00a0 The values following values were taken from the<\/p>\n
results of an arterial blood gas (ABG) and urinalysis (UA).<\/p>\n
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0High or Low
\npH:\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a07.0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Low
\nPco2:\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a062\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 High
\nbicarbonate:\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a029 mEq\/L \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 High<\/p>\n
Urinalysis (UA)
\npH:\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a04.0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Low<\/p>\n
Answer the following:<\/p>\n
1.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Define the following terms and tell how they relate to this case.
\na.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Bilateral
\nb.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Hypoventilation
\nc.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Hemothorax
\nd.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Arrhythmias<\/p>\n
2.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Mr. Henderson fractured fourth, fifth, and six ribs.<\/p>\n
a.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0What organ system is located under these ribs that relate to this case<\/p>\n
b.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0How does a hemothorax relate to the fractured ribs\u00a0 What diagnostic tool would be used to confirm a hemothorax
\nc.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0In this case, would you expect Mr. Henderson\u2019s PCO2 levels to increase\u00a0 Why
\nd.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0What other condition listed in this case would also cause an increase in PCO2
\ne.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0What treatment option would be used to resolve the heomthorax<\/p>\n
3.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0The values listed in the case were taken from the results of an arterial blood gas (ABG) and urinalysis (UA).<\/p>\n
What are the normal ranges from the measurements listed are the blood and urine tests<\/p>\n
4.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Mr. Henderson\u2019s PCO2 is high but his pH is low.
\na.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Is this expected
\nb.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0What is causing his pH to drop<\/p>\n
5.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Will the treatment option you listed\u00a0\u00a0 (#2-d) also resolve the problem with the drop in pH\u00a0 Please explain.<\/p>\n
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