1. (TCOs 3, 6, 7, 9) Here is a passage that
\ncontains a rhetorical fallacy.
\nName that fallacy, and in a paragraph,
\nexplain why the argument is irrelevant to the point at issue. Here is your
\nexample for this question:
\nAn editorial says, “Taxes have jumped by
\nmore than 30% in just two years! The governor is working for a balanced state
\nbudget, but it’ll be on the backs of us taxpayers, the people who have the very
\nleast to spend! It seems pretty clear that these increased taxes are
\nundermining the social structure in this state. Anybody who isn’t angry about
\nthis just doesn’t understand the situation and hasn’t figured out just how
\nmiserable they are.” (Points : 15)<\/p>\n
Question 2.2. (TCOs 5, 8) In the example
\nbelow, identify the presumed cause and the presumed effect. Does the example
\ncontain or imply a causal claim, a hypothesis, or an explanation that cannot be
\ntested?
\nIf it does fall into one of those
\ncategories, tell whether the problem is due to vagueness, circularity, or some
\nother problem of language.
\nAlso tell whether there might be some way
\nto test the situation if it is possible at all.
\nHere is your example:
\nThe movie No Country for Old Men was a big
\nhit because reviewers gave it a good write-up. (Points : 15)<\/p>\n
Question 3.3. (TCOs 2, 4) Explain in what
\nway the thinking of the following statement is wrong or defective. Give reasons
\nfor your judgment.
\nJoining the military, like voting, is a
\nmajor responsibility. Since 17-year-olds can serve in the military, it only
\nmakes sense that they be allowed to vote. (Points : 10)<\/p>\n
Question 4.4. (TCOs 3, 9) Suppose that a
\ngroup of immigrants to the U.S. believes in child sacrifice as an essential
\npart of their religious rituals. If one day the immigrant group becomes so
\nintegrated into U.S. society that most of its members no longer believe in
\nchild sacrifice, can this be thought of as moral progress from the standpoint
\nof moral relativism? (Points : 10)<\/p>\n
Question 5.5. (TCOs 6, 7, 9) Here is a
\nshort essay about an investigation.
\nThere are also four questions\/tasks; write
\na paragraph to answer each one of them.
\n1. Identify the causal hypothesis at issue.
\n2. Identify what kind of investigation it
\nis.
\n3. There are control and experimental
\ngroups. State the difference in effect (or cause) between the control and
\nexperimental groups.
\n4. State the conclusion that you think is
\nwarranted by the report.
\nScientists have learned that people who
\ndrink wine weekly or monthly are less likely to develop dementia, including
\nAlzheimer’s disease. (Daily wine drinking, however, seems to produce no
\nprotective effect.) The lead researcher was Dr. Thomas Truelsen of the
\nInstitute of Preventive Medicine at Kommunehospitalet in Copenhagen. The
\nresearchers identified the drinking patters of 1,709 people in Copenhagen in
\nthe 1970s and then assessed them for dementia in the 1990s, when they were aged
\n65 or older. When they were assessed two decades later, 83 of the participants
\nhad developed dementia. People who drank beer regularly were an increased risk
\nof developing dementia.
\n-adapted from BBC News Online (Points : 30)<\/p>\n
Question 6.6. (TCOs 3, 4, 6) Read this
\npassage below. When you have done so, answer these three questions, writing a
\nparagraph for each question.
\nYour three questions are:
\n1. What issue is the author addressing?
\n2. If the author is supporting a position
\nwith an argument, restate the argument in your own words.
\n3. What rhetorical devices does the author
\nemploy in this text?<\/p>\n
The Passage:
\n“Another quality that makes [Texas
\nRepublican and former Congressman] Tom DeLay an un-Texas politician is that
\nhe’s mean. By and large, Texas pols are an agreeable set of less-than-perfect
\nhumans and quite often well-intentioned. As Carl Parker of Port Arthur used to
\nobserve, if you took all the fools out of the [legislature], it would not be a
\nrepresentative body any longer. The old sense of collegiality was strong, and
\nvindictive behavior punishing pols for partisan reasons was simply not done.
\nBut those are Tom DeLay’s specialties, his trademarks. The Hammer is not only
\ngenuinely feared in Washington, he is, I’m sorry to say, hated.”
\n-excerpt from a column by Molly Ivins, Ft.
\nWorth Star-Telegram (Points : 30)<\/p>\n
Question 7.7. TCOs 7, 8) Read this passage
\nbelow. When you have done so, answer the question in at least one full
\nparagraph, giving specific reasons.<\/p>\n
The Passage:
\nEd likes to argue with just about anybody
\non just about anything. One of his favorite arguments is against speeding laws.
\n\u00e2\u0080\u009cWhy can\u00e2\u0080\u0099t I go as fast as I like?\u00e2\u0080\u009d he asks. \u00e2\u0080\u009cIt\u00e2\u0080\u0099s a free country, isn\u00e2\u0080\u0099t it? I
\nhave the right, don\u00e2\u0080\u0099t I?\u00e2\u0080\u009d Does Ed have a valid point? (Points : 20)<\/p>\n
Question 8.8. (TCOs 6, 7, 9) Read this
\npassage below. When you have done so, answer these three questions, writing a
\nparagraph for each question.
\nYour three questions are:
\n1. What premises is the author using?
\n2. What conclusions does the author come
\nto?
\n3. Does the passage contain any errors in
\nreasoning?
\nEither one thinks that there is no reason
\nfor believing any political doctrine or one sees some reason, however shaky,
\nfor the commitment of politics. If a person believes that political doctrines
\nare void of content, that person will be quite content to see political debates
\ngo on, but won’t expect anything useful to come from them. If we consider the
\nother case, that there is a patriotic justification for a political belief,
\nthen what? If the belief is that a specific political position is true, then
\none ought to be intolerant of all other political beliefs, since each political
\n\u00e2\u0080\u009cposition\u00e2\u0080\u009d must be held to be false relative to the belief one has. And since
\neach political position holds out the promise of reward for any probability of
\nits fixing social problems, however small, that makes it seem rational to
\nchoose it over its alternatives. The trouble, of course, is that the people who
\nhave other political doctrines may hold theirs just as strongly, making
\nstrength of belief itself invalid as a way to determine the rightness of a
\npolitical position. (Points : 20)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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