Case Scenario
\nYou are the nurse working in the emergency department of S College Hospital. Your patient is Neela Sukanth, a 65-year-old individual, who presented to triage via ambulance following a syncopal episode at home. Their partner, Inesh, informs you that Neela recently had surgery for a ruptured appendix. Past Medical history is significant for Beta-Thalassemia minor; stable angina diagnosed 3 years ago; and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, managed with Metformin. Neela states that she \u201ccan\u2019t seem to catch her breath\u201d and that she has had a headache for a few days that isn\u2019t relieved by Tylenol. Inesh notes that Neela has been sleeping a lot recently, and seems very weak, and always cold, even if wearing a sweater.
\nUpon assessment, you observe Neela to be diaphoretic and pale. VS are as follows
\nBP
\n92\/50
\nResp
\n24
\nPulse
\n135
\nSpO2
\n95% on RA
\nTemp
\n36.8 C orally
\nPhysical assessment shows a surgical wound in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, with closed wound edges that are slightly raised and pink. Abdominal assessment reveals a distended abdomen, tender to palpation. Bowel sounds are absent in all 4 quadrants.
\nBlood work drawn when the patient arrived in Emerge, as per the Medical Directive is as follows:
\nCBC
\nResult
\nReference Range
\nRBC
\n2.80
\n4.00-5.10
\nWBC
\n7.4
\n4.0-11.0
\nHgb
\n66
\n120-160
\nMCV
\n76
\n80-100
\nQuestions
\nExplain the indications in which a physician may order a Blood transfusion.
\nWhat do you think is the most responsible reason that a blood transfusion would be ordered in this scenario? Support your answer with information from the case scenario and the evidence.
\nBefore starting the transfusion, how does the nurse ensure the safety of the patient? What should the nurse do if there is something missing or incorrect? What is the rationale for pre-transfusion vital signs? What do you believe is the most plausible reason for a blood transfusion in this scenario? Provide evidence and information from the case scenario to back up your answer.
\nHow does the nurse ensure the patient’s safety before beginning the transfusion? What should the nurse do if anything is missing or incorrect? What is the reasoning behind pre-transfusion vital signs?
\nNeela\u2019s blood type is AB-. What blood type(s) can they receive? What steps should the nurse take if the wrong blood type was sent?
\nExplain what a hemolytic reaction is, and what it\u2019s associated signs and symptoms are. What steps should the nurse take if Neela is suspected of having a hemolytic reaction?
\nAssume the hospital\u2019s policy is to run blood at 50ml\/hr for the first 15 minutes. Calculate the starting gtt\/min if the drop factor of the tubing is 15gtt\/ml. Please show your work.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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