Patho Section 1<\/p>\n
Cell & Tissue Function\/Dysfunction
\nAtrophy: decrease in size of cells.
\nHypertrophy: increase in cell size.
\nHyperplasia: increase in number of cells.
\nMetaplasia: mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type.
\nDysplasia: cells vary in size & shape within a tissue.
\nAnaplasia: undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear & cell structure.
\nNeoplasm: tumor.
\nCell Damage
\nIschemia: oxygen deficit due to respiratory or circulatory problems.
\nHypoxia: reduced oxygen in tissue.
\nOxygen Deficit: decreased energy production, loss of Na pump \u2191 intracellular Na.
\nTemperature: inactivation of some enzymes, damages organelles, protein coagulation, disruption of cell membrane.
\nMicro-organisms
\nAbnormal Metabolites: caused by genetic disorders or altered metabolism.
\nNutritional Deficits
\nCell Death
\nApoptosis:programmed cell death controlled by genetics.
\nNecrosis:lysis of a cell, cell components leak into blood.
\nLiquification:dead cells liquefy due to release of enzymes.
\nCoagulation:cell proteins are altered or denatured causing coagulation.
\nCaseous:form of coagulation necrosis, thick, yellowish, cheesy.
\nFat: fatty tissue is broken down into fatty acids.
\nTissue Damage from Chemicals
\nExogenous: from environment.
\nEndogenous: from inside the body,
\nTissue Damage from Physical Agents
\nHypothermia: vasoconstriction, \u2191 blood viscosity, hypovolemic shock \u2193 blood pressure.
\nHyperthermia: causes general vasodilatation, decrease in circulating blood volume.
\nRadiation: primarily affects actively dividing cells
\nBiological Agents
\nInsects\/Animals: direct injection of toxin, transmission of infectious<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
Section 1 of Pathology<\/p>\n
Function\/Dysfunction of Cells and Tissues<\/p>\n
Cell atrophy refers to a reduction in cell size.<\/p>\n
Hypertrophy is defined as an increase in cell size.<\/p>\n
Hyperplasia is defined as a rise in the number of cells.<\/p>\n
Metaplasia occurs when one mature cell type is replaced by another mature cell type.<\/p>\n
Dysplasia occurs when cells inside a tissue vary in size and form.<\/p>\n
Anaplasia is characterized by undifferentiated cells with varying nuclear and cell structure.<\/p>\n
Tumor: a neoplasm.<\/p>\n
Cellular Damage<\/p>\n
Ischemia is a lack of oxygen caused by respiratory or circulatory issues.<\/p>\n
Hypoxia is defined as a decrease in tissue oxygen.<\/p>\n
Oxygen deficiency causes decreased energy generation and the loss of the Na pump, which transports intracellular Na.<\/p>\n
Temperature causes enzyme deactivation, organelle destruction, protein coagulation, and cell membrane disintegration.<\/p>\n
Micro-organisms<\/p>\n
Abnormal Metabolites: These are caused by genetic abnormalities or changes in metabolism.<\/p>\n
Deficiencies in Nutrition<\/p>\n
Death of a Cell<\/p>\n
Apoptosis is genetically controlled cell death.<\/p>\n
Necrosis is the lysis of a cell, resulting in the leakage of cell components into the blood.<\/p>\n
Dead cells are liquefied.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Patho Section 1 Cell & Tissue Function\/Dysfunction Atrophy: decrease in size of cells. Hypertrophy: increase in cell size. Hyperplasia: increase in number of cells. Metaplasia:\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7650,7624,1387,7654,667,7649,7653,7652],"tags":[613,7594,1394,7598,7595,7593,7597,7599,7601,7590,7596,7591,7592],"class_list":["post-92817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-assignment-writing-help","category-dissertation-help","category-dissertation-writing-service","category-healthcare-assignment-help","category-nursing-essay","category-research-essay-help","category-write-my-essay-for-me","category-write-my-essay-online","tag-best-dissertation-writing-services-uk","tag-cheap-custom-essay-writing-services","tag-custom-research-paper-writers","tag-custom-research-papers-writing-service","tag-essay-writer-websites","tag-essay-writing-service-quality-cheap","tag-free-research-paper-writing-service","tag-help-me-write-a-research-paper","tag-i-need-help-with-my-dissertation","tag-professional-dissertation-writing-service","tag-quick-essay-writing-service","tag-top-rated-dissertation-writing-services","tag-top-uk-dissertation-writing-services"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92817\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.studyproessays.com\/help\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}